Application of Customary Law in the Indonesian Criminal Law Framework after the Enactment of Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code

Riyanto Riyanto; Bambang Waluyo; Beniharmoni  Harefa

doi:10.59653/jplls.v3i02.1540

Authors

Riyanto Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
Bambang Waluyo Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia
Beniharmoni Harefa Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59653/jplls.v3i02.1540

Keywords:

Criminal,, Customary, Restorative Justice

Abstract

Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code (New Criminal Code) was finally passed as a substitute for the old Criminal Code or Law Number 1 of 1946 concerning Criminal Law Regulations; in the new Criminal Code, several articles have received pros and cons in the community, one of which is related to the inclusion of articles on laws that live in society (Customary Law). The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze carefully the role of customary Law in the specifics of criminal Law after its inclusion in the new Criminal Code so that we can find out about its position as a law that was once known as unwritten Law into written Law. The legal research method used is normative juridical legal research, which is conducted on library materials using the statute, conceptual, case, and historical approaches. The results of the research that the author has obtained that the Law that lives in the community (Customary Law) in the specific criminal Law in the new Criminal Code will be made a Government Regulation (PP) as the implementation of the regulation so that it can be used as a guideline for the Regional Government in making Regional Regulations (PERDA) on the Law that lives in the community (Customary Law) and researchers also provide the concept of applying the Law that lives in the community (Customary Law) with the approach of the principle of restorative justice for law enforcement officials in carrying out their duties as representatives of the state related to the process of enforcing customary criminal Law.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Armawan. (2024). Pemberdayaan Hukum Yang Hidup Dalam Masyarakat (Living Law) Sebagai Alternatif Penyelesaian Perkara Di Luar Pengadilan (Transaction Out Of Judiciary). Jdih.Mahkamahagung.Go.Id. Retrieved from https://jdih.mahkamahagung.go.id/download-file-satker/pemberdayaan-hukum-yang-hidup-dalam-masyarakat-living-law-sebagai-alternatif-penyelesaian-perkara-di-luar-pengadilan-transaction-out-of-judiciary

Asteria, D., Alvernia, P., Kholila, B. N., Husein, S. I., & Asrofani, F. W. (2024). Forest conservation by the indigenous Baduy community in the form of customary Law. Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development, 14(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/JCHMSD-12-2020-0171

BRIN. (2024). Peneliti BRIN Gagas Peran Lembaga Adat dalam Mediasi Penal. Retrieved from https://www.brin.go.id/news/119402/peneliti-brin-gagas-peran-lembaga-adat-dalam-mediasi-penal?utm_source=chatgpt.com

Harefa, B. (2018). Mediasi Penal Sebagai Bentuk Diversi Dalam Penyelesaian Perkara Pidana Anak Berbasis Keadilan Restoratif. Jurnal Komunikasi Hukum (JKH), 4(1), 18. https://doi.org/10.23887/jkh.v4i1.13657

Hiariej, E. (2017). Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana. Yogyakarta: Cahaya Atma Pustaka.

hukumonline. (2024). Implementasi Living Law dalam KUHP Baru, Hakim Wajib Gali Nilai Norma Adat. Retrieved from https://www.hukumonline.com/berita/a/implementasi-living-law-dalam-kuhp-baru--hakim-wajib-gali-nilai-norma-adat-lt65c82df624f54/

Ilyas, I., Rani, F. A., Bahri, S., & Sufyan, S. (2023). The Accommodation of Customary Law to Islamic Law: Distribution of Inheritance in Aceh from a Pluralism Perspectives. Samarah, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i2.15650

Irawati, D., & Widjaja, H. (2006). Eksistensi Sosial-Politik Dewan Adat Papua dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (Studi Kasus Dewan Adat Sentani di Sentani, Kabupaten Jayapura). Jakarta: Uki Press.

Ismail, I., Hendri, N., & Nurhakim, P. R. (2023). Minangkabau’s Doro Tradition: Coexistence of Customary Law and Islamic Law in Caning Punishment. Samarah, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.22373/sjhk.v7i1.15904

Jumantoro, T. R. P., & Novemyanto, A. D. (2025). Anti-SLAPP Policy Conceptualization as a Strategic Effort to Protect Indigenous Peoples' Environmental Rights from Judicial Harassment. Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies, 3(01), 41–54. https://doi.org/10.59653/jplls.v3i01.1312

Komnas Perempuan. (2024). Saran dan Masukan Komnas Perempuan Terhadap Konsepsi Penyusunan Rancangan Peraturan Pemerintah Tentang Tata Cara dan Kriteria Penetapan Hukum Yang Hidup di Masyaraka. Jakarta: Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan.

Mahkamah Agung. (2023). Laporan Tahunan 2023 Mahkamah Agung. Jakarta: Mahkamah Agung. Retrieved from https://kepaniteraan.mahkamahagung.go.id/images/laporan_tahunan/FA-LAPTAH_MA_2023-_low.pdf

Moeljatno. (1982). Principles of Criminal Law. Jakarta: Bina Aksara.

Mulyadi, L. (2015). Hukum Pidana Adat Kajian Asas, Toeri, Norma Praktik Dan Prosedur. Bandung: Alumni.

Mutawali, M. (2021). The dialectics of customary Law and islamic Law: An experience from dou donggo customs of bima, indonesia. Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syariah, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.15408/ajis.v21i1.19825

Mutawali, M. (2022). Customary Law of Dou Donggo Bima from the Perspective of Islamic and Indonesian Positive Law. Al-Ihkam: Jurnal Hukum Dan Pranata Sosial, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.19105/AL-LHKAM.V17I1.6007

Osman, F. (2019). The consequences of the statutory regulation of customary Law: An examination of the south african customary Law of succession and marriage. Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 22. https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a7592

Palenewen, J. Y., & Solossa, M. (2023). Indigenous Land Boundary Dispute between Awi Clan and Afar Clan in the Abepura District, Jayapura City. Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies, 1(02), 144–150. https://doi.org/10.59653/jplls.v1i02.126

Pasapan, P., Titahelu, J. A., & Latumaerissa, D. (2022). Delik Adat dalam Sistem Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 2(2), 193–204. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v2i2.910

Prakarsa, A. (2023). Hukum Pidana Adat. Jakarta: Kencana.

Pribadi, S. (2023). Hukum Pidana Adat (Restorative Justice dalam Sistem Hukum Adat Suku Dayak Tomun). Malang: PT. Literasi Nusantara Abadi Grup.

Qerimi, I., Maloku, A., & Maloku, E. (2022). CUSTOMARY LAW AND REGULATION: AUTHENTICITY AND INFLUENCE. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 11(4 Special Issue). https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv11i4siart9

Rautenbach, C. (2019). Case law as an authoritative source of customary Law: Piecemeal recording of (living) customary Law? Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 22. https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2019/v22i0a7591

Riyanto. (2022). Penerapan Restorative Justice Terhadap Pelaku Penyebaran Berita Bohong Terkait Pandemi COVID-19 di BARESKRIM POLRI. Fakultas Hukum UPN “Veteran” Jakarta.

Ronny, H. S. (1985). Metode Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.

Saleh, W. (1980). Seminar Hukum Nasional 1963-1979. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.

Sembiring, R. E. B., Tambunan, E. M., Hutabarat, H. F., & Afandi, M. (2024). Analisis Tindak Pidana Perzinaan Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana Dan Qanun Jinayat Di Aceh. IBLAM Law Review, 4(2), 62–68. https://doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v4i2.408

Soepomo. (1996). Bab-bab tentang Hukum Adat. Jakarta: Pradya Paramita.

Soepomo, R. (1936). Het Vervreemdingsverbod van Inlandsche Gronden. Vierde Juristencongres: Indisch Tijdschrift van het Recht.

Sudiyat, I. (2010). Hukum Adat: sketsa asas. Yogyakarta: Liberty.

Tanati, D., & Rongalaha, J. (2025). Settlement of Customary Land Disputes Due to Overlapping Customary Land Releases in Skouw Sae Village Muara Tami District Jayapura City. Journal of Progressive Law and Legal Studies, 3(01 SE-Articles), 86–97. https://doi.org/10.59653/jplls.v3i01.1418

Waluyo, B. (2023). Hukum Pidana dan Peradilan Pidana. Jakarta: LPPM Press UPN Veteran Jakarta.

Yulia. (2016). Buku Ajar Hukum Adat. Aceh Utara: Unimal Press.

Zarkasi, M. F. (2021). Keadilan Restoratif: Barang Lama, Kemasan Berbeda (Mengupas Pemikiran Priyadi). Retrieved from https://www.ditjenpas.go.id/keadilan-restoratif-barang-lama-kemasan-berbeda-mengupas-pemikiran-priyadi?utm_source=chatgpt.com