United Nations Security Council’s Role in the Liberation War of Bangladesh: Critical Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59653/pancasila.v2i01.336Keywords:
war, liberation, security council, United Nations, BangladeshAbstract
Bangladeshis began their fight for independence on March 26, 1971, as a response to Pakistani rule that was unfair to their race and treated them like a colony within their own country. Between the start of the Liberation War and November, the UNO's main job was to provide aid and support for civilians. When India and Pakistan went to war on December 3 over the Liberation War, the UN Security Council got very busy. The Security Council met nonstop during this time and discussed many ideas and counter-proposals. Two superpowers of this time, USA and the Soviet Union, took opposing positions in the Security Council. United States and China sided with Pakistan while Soviet Union sided with Bangladesh (East Pakistan). In the Security Council, France and Britain remained neutral and did not vote. The Security Council could not reach a consensus. After debate and vote in the Security Council, the agenda was transmitted to the General Assembly on 6 December. General Assembly passed a 'Unity Formula for Peace' resolution by an overwhelming majority on December 7. India and Bangladesh rejected this idea; therefore, the US called a second Security Council session. The Security Council met from 12 to 21 December at various times. Bangladesh's independence on December 16 altered everything. International representatives acknowledged reality and unanimously approved a ceasefire agreement on December 21, resolving the long-awaited Bangladesh problem.
Downloads
References
Hasan, Zahir (1994), The Separation of East Pakistan: The Rise and Realization of Bengali Muslim Nationalism, Dhaka: University Press Limited, PP.251-253.
Jahan, Rounaq (2008), “Witness Accounts: Genocide in Bangladesh” in Samuel Totten, et al.(eds.), Century of Genocide: Critical Views and Eyewitness Accounts (Third Edition), London, Routledge, P.245-267.
Keesings Contemporary Archives (1972), UK: Keesing Publication, PP. 24992.
Matin, Abdul, 1990, Bangladesh Liberation Struggle 1971: The Role of USA, China, Soviet Union, India, London: Radical Asia Publication, PP. 23-37.
Muhith, A.M.A. (2014), Bangladesh: Emergence of a Nation, 3rd Edition, Dhaka: University Press Limited, PP.315-320.
The Year Book of World Affairs (1972), Landon: Stevens & Sons, PP. 43-89.
The International Herald Tribune, 8 July, 1971.
The International Herald Tribune, 10 August, 1971.
The New York Times, 4 December, 1971.
Time Magazine, 1 January, 1971.
UN Doc, A/8401, Para 4.
UN Doc, S/10410, Para 6-10.
UN Doc, S/PV/1606, Para 1-371, 5 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10416, 4 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10417, 4 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10418, 4 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10419, 4 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1607, Para 1-234, 5 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10421, 5 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10423, 5 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10425, 5 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1608, Para 1-187, 6 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10426, 6 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10428, 6 December, 1971.
UN Doc, S/10429, 6 December, 1971.
UN Doc, A/L 647, 7 December 1971.
UN Doc, A/L 647/Rev-1, 7 December 1971.
UN Doc, A/L 648, 7 December 1971.
UN General Assembly Resolution 2793, Vol- XXVI.
UN Doc, S/PV/1611, 12 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/10446, 12 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1613, Para1-174, 13 December 1971.
UN Doc, A/PV 2002, PP.130-146.
UN Doc, A/PV 2003, PP.173-185.
UN Doc, S/10451, 13 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1614, Para1-49, 14 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1615, Para1-139, 15 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1616, Para 3-5, 16 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1617, 16 December 1971.
UN Doc, S/PV/1620, 22 December 1971.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Categories
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Mehabub Hasan, Firoz Al Mamun, Ruhul Amin, Hafizul Islam, Monirul Islam
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).